Gas Laws Worksheet 1 Answer Key: Your Complete Guide
Table of Contents :
Gas laws are a fundamental part of chemistry that describe how gases behave under various conditions of temperature, pressure, and volume. Understanding these laws is essential for students and professionals alike. In this guide, we will explore the key gas laws, provide a comprehensive worksheet for practice, and offer the answer key to enhance your understanding of this important topic.
Understanding Gas Laws
Gas laws encompass several important principles that relate the physical properties of gases. Here are some of the most important laws to keep in mind:
Boyle's Law
Definition: Boyle's Law states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume when the temperature is held constant.
Formula: [ P_1V_1 = P_2V_2 ]
- Where:
- ( P ) = pressure
- ( V ) = volume
Charles's Law
Definition: Charles's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature (in Kelvin) when the pressure is held constant.
Formula: [ \frac{V_1}{T_1} = \frac{V_2}{T_2} ]
- Where:
- ( V ) = volume
- ( T ) = temperature (in Kelvin)
Avogadro's Law
Definition: Avogadro's Law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles of the gas when the temperature and pressure are held constant.
Formula: [ \frac{V_1}{n_1} = \frac{V_2}{n_2} ]
- Where:
- ( V ) = volume
- ( n ) = number of moles
Ideal Gas Law
Definition: The Ideal Gas Law combines all the previous laws and relates pressure, volume, temperature, and the number of moles of a gas.
Formula: [ PV = nRT ]
- Where:
- ( R ) = ideal gas constant (0.0821 L·atm/K·mol)
Gas Laws Worksheet
To practice your understanding of gas laws, here is a sample worksheet with questions based on the principles discussed above.
| Question | Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | If the volume of a gas is 5 L at a pressure of 2 atm, what will its volume be if the pressure is changed to 1 atm? |
| 2 | A gas occupies 10 L at a temperature of 300 K. What will its volume be at 600 K if the pressure remains constant? |
| 3 | Calculate the number of moles of a gas if it occupies a volume of 22.4 L at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure). |
| 4 | A gas has a volume of 15 L, 2 moles, and is at a temperature of 273 K. What is its pressure? |
| 5 | If 3 moles of gas are compressed from 10 L to 5 L at a constant temperature, what will be the new pressure? |
Answer Key
Here are the solutions to the questions presented in the worksheet:
-
Solution to Question 1:
- Using Boyle's Law: [ P_1V_1 = P_2V_2 \implies 2 \times 5 = 1 \times V_2 \implies V_2 = 10 L ]
-
Solution to Question 2:
- Using Charles's Law: [ \frac{V_1}{T_1} = \frac{V_2}{T_2} \implies \frac{10}{300} = \frac{V_2}{600} \implies V_2 = 20 L ]
-
Solution to Question 3:
- Using Avogadro's Law at STP: [ n = \frac{V}{22.4} \implies n = \frac{22.4}{22.4} = 1 mole ]
-
Solution to Question 4:
- Using the Ideal Gas Law: [ P = \frac{nRT}{V} \implies P = \frac{(2)(0.0821)(273)}{15} \approx 3.30 atm ]
-
Solution to Question 5:
- Using Boyle's Law again: [ P_1V_1 = P_2V_2 \implies P_2 = \frac{P_1V_1}{V_2} \implies P_2 = \frac{(3)(10)}{5} = 6 atm ]
Important Notes
- Temperature Conversion: Always ensure that temperature is measured in Kelvin when using gas laws. To convert Celsius to Kelvin, add 273.15.
- Units Consistency: Ensure that all units are consistent. For example, if using liters for volume, pressure should be in atm if using the ideal gas constant ( R = 0.0821 ).
Conclusion
Gas laws are essential in understanding how gases behave under various conditions. Whether you are a student studying chemistry or a professional working in a related field, mastering these concepts is crucial for accurate predictions and calculations.
Utilize the worksheet and answer key provided in this guide to test your knowledge and reinforce your understanding of gas laws. Happy studying!